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Version 17.32 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition
ZCOMM User Manual 121
a prefix.
EXAMPLE: sz -y PREFIX=C:/FOO.BAZ/ /biff/bam/aardvark.wak
Results in the destination file "C:/FOO.BAZ/aardvark.wak" (the
destination directories must exist and be writable).
EXAMPLE: sz *.com Sends all files with a .com extension.
NOTE: If the remote supports ZMODEM AutoDownload, or accepts rz
followed by carriage return as a command to receive files with
ZMODEM protocol, only the sz command need be given. Otherwise, the
receiver must be commanded to receive the files with an rz command
or menu choice.
EXAMPLE: sz -r ??log Crash Recovery sends only the new data if the
receiver has incomplete versions of these files.
EXAMPLE: sz -fn src/*.c src/*.h maildir
Sends only the newer source files in the src subdirectory, and all
new files in the maildir subdirectory.
EXAMPLE: zcommand "sz -fn /bin /wp"
commands a remote ZCOMM system in Host Operation (unrestricted) to
send all new files in the /bin and /wp directories.
EXAMPLE: sz -Yn *.c Sends only newer versions of files that already
exist at the destination.
EXAMPLE: sz -Rf usera Sends all files in the usera directory and all
subdirectories thereof. The R option is available on 32 bit
systems.
SEE ALSO: ZMODEM protocol, Chapter 11, options, Chapter 17.
szb [-options] [PREFIX=p | ONAME=x] pathspec As above, but "falls
back" to YMODEM if the receiver cannot receive files with ZMODEM
protocol. Because of the YMODEM fallback, szb is not as error
resistant as the sz command.
t [-modes] [capturefile] Invokes the term function for conversational
access to the remote. Normally, ZCOMM will remain in the
termfunction until the user keyboards F1.
If capturefile is specified, any currently opten capture file is
(C) 1988 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 Main Commands
Version 17.32 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition
ZCOMM User Manual 122
closed and capturefile is opened. A file previously opened by "t
file" is not closed by a t command given without an argument.
EXAMPLE: t file1 Creates file1 to capture data sent by the remote in
interactive conversation.
SEE ALSO: create command
If a file upload begun by an f or open command were in progress, the
upload will resume with the t command subject to the g mode.
In host operation, "t file" begins data capture, and received
characters are not echoed. When the remote sends ETX, EOT, or
Ctrl-Z, file is closed and the term function exits.
EXAMPLE: t comments.txt<ENTER>
jabber ... jabber ... Ctrl-Z
Optional modes may be enabled to modify the display, storage, or
transmission of information.
Subcommands available from the term function are explained in
Chapter 19. Characters special to the term function are also
described in Chapter 19.
timestamp * Iff a capture file is open, write out the circular buffer.
Then write a line containing the remote system name, number of
characters transmitted from disk, the number of characters received
to disk, average characters received per second, [16] the date and
time, and the term function status line information (time, modes,
etc.) to the file and to the display.
EXAMPLE: timestamp; echoc "End: %e Errors"
Timestamp: vif 0 127857 97/sec 1342:37 07-09-86
01 24 13:42 21:50 28672 2:1200 7e EhjSt >cis0709.tmp
Allsig Ends: 0 Errors detected
The character counts are reset when the corresponding files are
opened.
SEE ALSO: restime, ALT-E commands, E test condition, t string
parameter
__________
16. Since the last call or restime command.
(C) 1988 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 Main Commands
Version 17.32 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition
ZCOMM User Manual 123
trs svar string1 string2 Translate string variable svar from the
character set in string1 into the character set in string2. *
String2 is considered to have a number of appended nulls. String1
and string2 are first processed for character escapes. The "trs"
command may not be used in the body of a "while" command.
EXAMPLE: trs s0 "\\{}" "/" Changes backslashes to slashes, and
removes "{" and "}" characters.
TYPe pathspec Type the specified file(s). This command closes any
open transmit file. ZCOMM automatically detects SQueezed files and
prints them in ASCII.* Type pauses/resumes printing with ^S.
Keyboarding ^C or Ctrl-Break cancels, and ^X skips to the next file.
<Ctrl-Home> clears the screen without pausing, avoiding scrolling.
SEE ALSO: browse, list, page commands, Unix b, bro, typ commands
EXAMPLE: type *.txt *.doc
unrestrict Prompts for a password and unrestricts ZCOMM if the
password exactly matches the contents of the unrestrict string
parameter. If unrestrict is empty or the given password does not
match in three attempts, the call is immediately terminated.
Unrestrict is used in Host Operation by a caller who wishes
unrestricted access to ZCOMM's computer to view confidential files
or perform maintenance.
EXAMPLE: unrestrict Prompts for a password (to match the unrestrict
parameter), then allows three tries to enter it correctly.
SEE ALSO: Host operation
usq pathspec * Unsqueeze the specified files back to their original
form. If pathspec is empty, ZCOMM checks all files in the current
directory and unsqueezes those that are found to be SQueezed. If
pathspec contains the name of a directory, all files in that
directory are checked. Iff a file has not been SQueezed, ZCOMM will
complain and proceed to the next file. ZCOMM checks the first word
of the file(s) to determine whether that file is SQueezed. If the
SQueezed file has been encrypted, such as a Demand Upgrade(TM) copy
of ZCOMM, ZCOMM will fetch the key file relative to the current
directory for use in decrypting.
NOTE: The original pathname and the keyfile pathname (if present),
stored in the SQueezed file is interpreted relative to the current
directory.
EXAMPLE: cd /tmp; usq a: Unsqueezes all the SQueezed files on A:,
placing the output files relative to /tmp.
(C) 1988 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 Main Commands
Version 17.32 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition
ZCOMM User Manual 124
EXAMPLE: usq ZCOMM.EQE Unsqueezes an encrypted Demand Upgrade(TM)
copy of ZCOMM. The key file (such as yampc08.key) must be in the
current directory.
videobios N Sets the video BIOS mode to N. This command is useful for
accessing the high resolution super EGA display text modes, such as
100 columns by 75 lines corresponding to high resolution 800x600
displays. The $ and # mumeric parameters must be separately set to
agree with the new BIOS video mode.
The action of the video ROM BIOS to specific values depends on the
particular EGA/VGA ROM BIOS used. To support boards using an
extended code in the bl register, calculate N = bl + (256 * al).
Some codes produce spectacular unpredictable results. This command
is restricted, and is available on medium model DOS flavors only.
EXAMPLE: vmode 3 Sets BIOS video mode 3 (80x25).
SEE ALSO: V numeric parameter
w Writes the contents of the circular buffer to the capture file.
wait [-mode] Wait activates the term function to search for each
pattern that has been defined with the pattern command. If a file
has been opened with the create or t file commands, buffer capture
continues during the wait command. If a file upload (inititated by
an f file command) was in progress, the upload will resume with the
wait command subject to the g mode.
Script execution resumes when the wait command returns because of a
pattern match, timeout, no carrier detect, or keyboarded F1. The
wait command's pattern search timeout is effective even if no search
patterns have been set with the pattern command.
SEE ALSO: pattern, put, putw commands, fN mode
wc pathspec Counts lines, words, printing characters, and all
characters for the specified files. The totals are then presented.
Characters beginning with CPMEOF (^Z) are excluded.[17] The count of
__________
17. The line and word counts agree with the Unix word count program,
but the character count will differ because of CR characters not
stored in most Unix text files. The Unix word count program does
not have a count of printing characters.
(C) 1988 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 Main Commands
Version 17.32 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition
ZCOMM User Manual 125
printing characters is useful for estimating laser toner and printer
ribbon usage.
EXAMPLE: wc *.c *.h
SEE ALSO: crc, chek, sum commands
while condition rest-of-line Scripts must often repeat a command or
set of commands while some condition remains true. The while
command executes the command(s) on the rest of the line while
condition is true. Chapter 24 describes testable conditions. An
inadvertently generated while loop may be stopped by keyboarding
NUKE (ALT-N).
NOTE: The rest of the line must not contain an if command or
semicolons separating commands. While commands may not be nested.
EXAMPLE: pat 1 "ogin:"; while !1 put "\r" wait -f1 Repeatedly sends
a carriage return until the remote responds with "Login:".[18]
EXAMPLE: while "!1&&L<5" put "\r" wait -f1 Works as above, but only
tries 5 times.
x (eXit) Writes and closes any open files, releases ownership of the
serial port, then exits to the operating system without
disconnecting the phone line.[19] Exit status is the value of the ?
numeric parameter. This command is not allowed if Restricted.
xpc ... * The ZCOMMXPC flavor of ZCOMM supports the Tymnet(TM) X.PC
link level protocol with the xpc commands. See a following
subchapter of Chapter 16 for a more detailed description of the X.PC
packet driver and the xpc commands that control it.
zcommandi COMMAND Send COMMAND with ZMODEM protocol, do NOT wait for
command completion.
EXAMPLE: zcommandi "!make whoopie"
__________
18. The "L" in "Login" is not searched for on purpose. On Unix
systems, the "l" is not always capitalized.
19. On some Unix systems, the operating system may alter the state of
the serial port after ZCOMM exits.
(C) 1988 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 Main Commands
Version 17.32 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition
ZCOMM User Manual 126
zcommandic COMMAND Process COMMAND for string substitutions and
character escapes and send with ZMODEM protocol, do NOT wait for
command completion.
zcommandw COMMAND Send COMMAND to the remote with ZMODEM protocol.
Wait for COMMAND to complete on the remote before returning.
NOTE: With the exception of sz, no command that involves the serial
port may be used with any form of zcommand.
EXAMPLE: zcommandw "sz foo.bar" Causes the remote to send a file
with ZMODEM protocol.
EXAMPLE: zcommandw "!ls -l | sz -a -" Causes a remote Unix system to
send a file containing a directory listing to ZCOMM.
As a special case, zcommandw with an empty command fetches the
remote's disk file system free character count. This quantity is
then available to the R test condition.
EXAMPLE: zcommandw ""; if "R>10000" sz hugefile Fetches the free
disk space from the remote, and sends hugefile if the free space is
greater than 10000000 bytes.
zcommandwc COMMAND Process COMMAND for string substitutions and
character escapes and send with ZMODEM protocol, wait for command
completion.
zmodem Used as a prefix to the p command to select the "zmodem"
parameters, or by itself to select the ZMODEM protocol for commands
which operate in a choice of protocols depending on past history.
EXAMPLE: zmodem
!!sz *.*
Uses ZMODEM to send a command to the remote machine to send all the
files in its current directory.
_ Enter a disgnostic routine that prints information about each
keystroke entered. Keyboarding LF (Ctrl-Enter) exits the _
(underscore) command. When a key is struck, the scancode, modified
scancode, and the shift state are displayed in decimal. The
modified scancode is either the raw scancode as returned by the BIOS
or 224 added to the ZCOMM internal code iff the raw scancode equals
224. The ZCOMM internal code for the key (usually the ASCII value)
is displayed in octal. This command may be used for exploring
keyboard encoding and preparing alternate keyboard mappings for use
with the mk command.
SEE ALSO: mk command
(C) 1988 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 Main Commands
Version 17.32 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition
ZCOMM User Manual 127
![~]command Execute command (either a program or a DOS built-in
command) as a subprogram. Command is not processed for string
parameters. See Chapter 16 for details on DOS Gateway.
SEE ALSO: obey command
!!host-command Sends the rest of the line (after !!) to a remote
ZMODEM program or Kermit server for execution on the server machine.
host-command is not processed for string parameters. This is a
convenient alternative to remote host host-command-string
particularly if host-command contains spaces.
label: A label begins at the first column and ends with a colon. One
or more commands may appear on the same line separated from the
label by white space. A label may have the same name as a directory
entry provided the directory entry appears first in the script file.
NOTE: a label differs from a directory entry, which does't end with
a colon. When ZCOMM encounters a directory entry in script
processing, an automatic "return" is performed.
EXAMPLE: if 1 goto cond1
echo "Pattern 1 not matched"
cond1: echo "processing continues"
:comment A colon as first character in a command causes the rest of
the command line to be ignored. This is also useful for "commenting
out" commands in script files.
EXAMPLE: : this line does nothing at all
; Semicolon is a command delimiter which may be used in place of
RETURN to place multiple commands on a line. Since commands such as
echo, set, sb, pattern, list, and type take an indefinite number of
operands, the semicolon must be used to string such commands
together.
EXAMPLE: sb *.c; off Batch transmits all *.c files, then puts the
modem on hook and exits to DOS.
Semicolon is not a command delimiter if it is escaped by a backslash
or if it appears within a quoted string.
EXAMPLE: pat 0 ";" Sets pattern 0 to search for a semicolon.
Commands that take a fixed number of arguments may be strung
together without a semicolon unless otherwise noted.
EXAMPLE: port 1 speed 1200
(C) 1988 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 Main Commands
Version 17.32 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition
ZCOMM User Manual 128
<file Redirects input used by the command prompt and review function.
When reading input from file, certain characters are special:
~ Accept the next character verbatim.
| Sleep for one second.
'' Double quote echoes succeeding characters to the display with
highliting until the next double quote is encountered.
On end of file, a ^U is returned and input reverts to the keyboard.
The file rev on the demonstration disk is a typical file which might
be used with the < command.
>[>]outfile Redirects output from succeeding utility commands and
debug output (if the v numeric parameter is non zero) to outfile.
Capture from the circular buffer is also enabled, but there is no
automatic writing of the circular buffer to the file on close.
>>outfile appends to outfile. The output redirection is canceled by
the close command or by > without a filename. DOS predefined device
names such as "prn" may be used.
The syntax of ZCOMM's redirection differs from that used by DOS and
UNIX. ZCOMM's output must be redirected before the command(s) are
given, and the redirection stays in effect until explicitly
canceled. ZCOMM's command prompt is not redirected.
EXAMPLE: bdump file0
kill
>file1
dump file0
close
Dumps the contents of the modem input buffer to file0. Output is
then redirected to file1 and contents of file0 are displayed in side
by side hex/ascii format.
Note that the create and t filename commands do not redirect utility
command output to the file.
17.2 Function Key Commands
Some function keys are recognized at the command prompt. Function key
commands may not be mixed with any other character. For example,
keyboarding "t PgUp" elicits an error bell.
NB: Some scrips redefine the function keys with strings or commands
suitable for operation with that script. The default assignments may
be restored with a gosub setup" command.
F2 From the command prompt, F2 enters term function.
SEE ALSO: t [file] command
(C) 1988 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 Function Key Commands
Version 17.32 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition
ZCOMM User Manual 129
Up Select the previous command in the command stack for reentry.
Down Select the next command in the command stack for reentry.
Home,PgUp,End Enter the review function.
F3...F10 Function keys F3 to F10 are programmed by set commands in the
"setup" directory in the distributed telephone directory. The key
definitions in PHODIR.t may be modified or removed at your
discretion.
F3 Receives files with YMODEM Batch protocol, or XMODEM. [20]
F4 Invokes TurboLearn Script Writer(TM) to record keystrokes and
computer dialog, then generates a script using this information.
If ZCOMM is not currently connected to a system, the script called
by F4 prompts the user for telephone number, baud rate, and parity.
When recording is finished, the script prompts for a pathname to
store the completed TruboDial script in.
F5 On Unix systems, begin background operation and issue a sub shell
for the user. ZCOMM operation proceeds with screen output
suppressed. If ZCOMM should require keyboard input before the user
returns, ZCOMM waits for the user to return.
F6 Prompts for a file name, then receives that file with the XMODEM-
CRC protocol. ZCOMM will revert to the basic XMODEM protocol after
a few timeouts if the sender does not support CRC-16.
F7 Prompts for a file name, then transmits that file with XMODEM
protocol. If the file name includes wildcard characters, or if more
than one file name is given, or if a directory name is given, YMODEM
Batch protocol will be used.
F8 Generates and transmits a password based on the called system's
name and the string parameter xpassword. * This command is valid
only when called from the term function.
F9 Calls a script to add a new system entry to the Telephone
Directory. The script prompts for a system name, and checks for
duplications with entries currently in the Phone Directory. The
script prompts for comments which will display when that system is
called. Speed and parity are then prompted for, and the entry is
__________
20. ZCOMM generates a file name if the sending program does not
provide one.
(C) 1988 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 Function Key Commands
Version 17.32 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition
ZCOMM User Manual 130
added to the end of the Phone Directory.
F10 Invokes the "help" command or help processor.
Shift-F1 List the Phone directory.
Shift-F2 Search Phone Directory for system names matching user
supplied string.
Shift-F3 List voice calls in the Phone Directory.
Shift-F4 Dsconnect the modem from telephone line (hang it up).
Shift-F5 Prompt for a system name and add a command to call it to the
circular dialing queue. List the queue contents.
Shift-F6 Run (execute) the circular dialing queue.
The following function keys are valid at the main command prompt,
from the term function, and from the review function.
Ctrl-Home Resets display modes and clears the screen.
ALT-C Writes the circular buffer to disk and closes any open send or
receive file(s). ZCOMM complains if no files were open.
SEE ALSO: close command
ALT-D Lists the current directory of the default disk.
SEE ALSO: dirr command
ALT-M Toggles keyboard mapping.
SEE ALSO: display mapkb command, N numeric parameter
ALT-R Enter the review function.
SEE ALSO: review command
ALT-S Displays status on the local screen only, even if ZCOMM is in
host operation.
SEE ALSO: s command
ALT-U Toggles Upper case conversion of keyboard and file characters
sent with the term function ( t, f, F2 commands). The answerback
and programmed strings are not affected. Protocol file transfers
are not affected. The u mode is reset by the call command.
SEE ALSO: u mode
(C) 1988 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 Function Key Commands
Version 17.32 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition
ZCOMM User Manual 131
ALT-W Writes the circular buffer to the receive file. Equivalent to
the main w command.
SEE ALSO: w command
F1...FA10 etc. The Soft Keys can be programmed (with "set" commands)
either to send a string of characters to the remote or to invoke a
ZCOMM command sequence. Iff the string begins with "@", the
remainder if the string is treated as a ZCOMM command. No strings
are sent to the remote from the command prompt or from the review
function.
The soft keys can be changed for each different remote system, or
even for different application programs, with set commands embedded
in the appropriate telephone directory entry. The ALT-K key
displays the strings assigned to these keys.
There are 48 soft keys, f1 to f12,fs1 to fs12,fc1 to fc12,fa1 to
fa12, plus some of the cursor keys. ( fs1 is obtained by Shift-F1.
fc1 is obtained by Ctrl-F1. fa1 is obtained by Alt-F1.) In
addition, the cursor keys may be reassigned to send strings to the
remote when in the term function. To list them, set the v (verbose)
parameter non zero ("pv1"), then give a "set" command. Most soft
keys have names beginning with f, and are described in Chapter 22.
17.3 Browse Command
BROwse pathspec browses through the specified files. If pathspec is
empty, all files are presented. For each matched pathname, the
filename, date, and length are displayed. The status line displays
some of the possible (one letter) commands.
EXAMPLE: >>>c:bro *.c
CFLOW.C 13:18:10 02-25-86 6072 ?
app, back, copy, Del, mv, next, page, sz, S, quit, {rR}ead, usq, view,
!, @
a, A Prompts for a pathname and then appends the current file to it.
Both DOS and CP/M format files are handled correctly. The A choice
then deletes the file.
b Backs up to the previous file. Browse will not back up past a
deleted or renamed file.
c prompts for a target pathname. The resulting DOS command
copy file target is executed by a copy of COMMAND.COM. Target may
include the switches available with the DOS copy command. The
pathnames given must be legal for DOS, with \ separating directories
from filenames.[21]
(C) 1988 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 Browse Command
Version 17.32 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition
ZCOMM User Manual 132
EXAMPLE: c
Copy to: a:
SEE ALSO: "HINT" below
D Deletes the file.
SP, CR skip to the next file.
r, R R first kills the circular buffer. Read the file (or as much as
will fit) into the circular buffer, then call the review function.
The review function subcommands can be used to page back and forth
through the file, write portions of the buffer to files, and so on.
If review is exited with the file still open, browse closes it.
SEE ALSO: review function
n Sends the file with the ZMODEM n option (send file only if the
source is newer than the destination).
S sends the selected file with XMODEM protocol. The user must start
an XMODEM receive on the other machine.
s sends the selected file with ZMODEM or YMODEM Batch Protocol and 1kb
packets. If the other program has ZMODEM AutoDownload enabled (Z
mode) the file transmission will be automatic. Otherwise, the user
must start a YMODEM Batch or ZMODEM receive on the other machine.
The s and S subcommands are useful when issued by a remote caller
browsing through files in a directory.
t Tail reads the tail of the file into the circular buffer and
displays the last 24 lines.
Q, X Quit ends the file list. X is provided for the convenience of
users accustomed to the wash and sweep programs.
V, Ctrl-V View the file, whether it is a regular or SQueezed file.
! prompts for a DOS command and then attempts to execute it. Some DOS
commands that might be useful are rename, del, print, move, emacs,
mince, edlin, chkdsk, and chmod. When entering the DOS command, a
keyboarded % is replaced by the pathname of the currently selected
file.
______________________________________________________________________
21. Unless the DOS SWITCHAR has been changed to "/".
(C) 1988 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 Browse Command
Version 17.32 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition
ZCOMM User Manual 133
Please refer to the ! command for details and caveats.
EXAMPLE: !emacs % calls the DOS EMACS editor to edit the selected
file.
@ Prompts for a ZCOMM command, and then executes that command as if it
had been entered at the main command prompt. The @ subcommand
should not be used for any command that involves file names.
EXAMPLE: @display vt100
* Any other letter redisplays the file information and repeats the
prompt.
After the file list is exhausted, ZCOMM prints the free storage
remaining on the default disk.
HINT: Use a directory command to change the order in which the files
are presented for the browse command. For example, assume we have a
directory src on drive c: (hard disk) and a floppy drive F: with a
scratch disk inserted. The command sequence
dirt
f:
browse c:/src
displays each file in the src directory beginning with the newest.
Typing c tells ZCOMM you want to copy the file. When ZCOMM asks for
the filename, just hit <CR> and the file is copied. (The resulting
command to command.com is "COPY c:/src/file"). This sequence may be
used to "clean up" a directory.
17.4 DOS Gateway
A "Shell Escape" or "DOS Gateway" executes a DOS COMMAND (a program or
command) as a subroutine. If the first non white-space character of
the line is !, the entire line, less the !, is executed as a DOS
command, as if it were typed to DOS in the absence of ZCOMM. If the !
command is not the first command on the line, the command string must
conform to ZCOMM's rules pertaining to strings. DOS Gateways are not
allowed if ZCOMM is RESTRICTED.
If DOS fails to execute COMMAND.COM, (actually, the program specified
in COMSPEC), the message Shell Escape DOS error return = N is
displayed. The usual DOS error returns are 1002,1005,1008,1010, and
1011, which are the DOS error return values + 1000:
2 File not found (COMMAND.COM)
5 Access Denied
(C) 1988 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 DOS Gateway
Version 17.32 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition
ZCOMM User Manual 134
8 Insufficient memory
10 Invalid environment
11 Invalid format
Return values less than 1000 are returned by the application but are
lost by current versions of COMMAND.COM. The return value is saved in
the ? numeric parameter and may be tested with the ? test condition.
The following command uses the public domain WHEREIS.COM program to
find certain files on the hard disk. !whereis thebeef.*
The next example generates a directory listing, with output redirected
by DOS to foo.
!dir >foo
NOTE: The command line
keys !dir keys
displays the soft keys, executes a DOS "dir" command without
arguments, and then displays the soft keys again, while the command
line
!dir keys
calls DOS to print directory information for the file keys.
! commands are interpreted by DOS's COMMAND.COM; Batch files and
built-in commands may be invoked as well as programs. Some useful DOS
built-in commands are rename, copy, date, and time.
Caution should be exercised with commands that affect disk files if
ZCOMM has files open at the time. Programs that remain resident in
low memory (such as spoolers) should NOT be invoked from ZCOMM unless
they are already resident, as memory would become fragmented.
Invoking the DOS "print" command (if print isn't already resident) has
caused DOS to crash when ZCOMM exits.
Memory available for !command will be less than when the command is
given directly to DOS without ZCOMM running. The command "!chkdsk"
will display the amount of memory available for subprograms.
NOTE: Some commands under some conditions may cause DOS to crash
immediately, after more commands are given, or when the user attempts
to return to DOS, especially if insufficient memory is available.
The EXEC functions of nonstandard operating systems are notorious
sources of interesting debugging experiences.
Before executing a ! command, ZCOMM restores the modem port's
(C) 1988 Omen Tech Inc Chapter 17 DOS Gateway
Version 17.32 TurboDial 2.33 Universal Line Printer Edition
ZCOMM User Manual 135
Interrupt Service Routine's previous interrupt vector and interrupt
enable bits. ZCOMM also synchronizes the BIOS display driver. After
return from the DOS command, ZCOMM enables DTR, the ISR vector,
interrupts on the modem port, and resumes direct control of the
display.
If the command name begins with ~ (tilde), ZCOMM does NOT restore the
modem port's Interrupt Service Routine's previous interrupt vector and
interrupt enable bits. The called program may then access the modem
with the ROM BIOS interrupt hex 14, which is mapped to ZCOMM's modem
service routines during the execution of the !~ command.
When the modem is accessed this way, incoming characters are buffered
in ZCOMM's interrupt buffer, preventing loss of characters when
scrolling above 300 bits per second. Unlike the ROM BIOS routines
(which are a compromise to allow driving serial printers), the ZCOMM
int 14h handler does not depend on the state of DSR or CTS.
This interface allows other programs to perform specialized functions,
such as graphic screen operation or special CRT terminal emulation.
One such program is COMSH.EXE available on Compuserve's Programmers'
Special Interest Group (GO PCS-158).[22]
EXAMPLE: !~comsh
The ZCOMM BIOS EMULATOR replacing the int 14h modem service routine
accepts the standard BIOS INT 14h functions encoded in the AH register
as described in the IBM Technical Reference Manual. Since the modem
port is selected by ZCOMM, the DX register is ignored. The character
ready status bit reflects whether ZCOMM's modem interrupt buffer has
one or more characters waiting.
The !~ command uses special logic to allow programs to exit gracefully
when carrier detect is lost.
__________
22. COMSH supports graphic images transmitted by Compuserve's Weather
Radar service.
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18. OPTIONS for Protocol File Transfers
Options modify the way the protocol file transfer commands send and
receive files. They are reset before each command line. The a and b
options are mutually exclusive. A b option given to the sender or
receiver will override any a option. The +, r, N, n, p, and y options
are mutually exclusive. The Y option may be followed by the +, r, n,
or N option.
+ When receiving to a file already on disk, append the new data to the
old file (if one exists). This option is not allowed if ZCOMM is
Restricted.
When sending files with ZMODEM, the + option commands the receiver
to append to a file already on the receiver's disk.
EXAMPLE: sz -+ ONAME=master.log *.log sends all .log files in the
current directory to be appended to master.log on the receiver's
computer.
7 Strip data to 7 bits for file transfers with the Kermit protocol.
Program images and other 8 bit binary files cannot be sent this way.
In the absence of the 7 option ZCOMM transfers all 8 bits of each
byte. If the communications line is set to 8 bits no parity, the
8th bit is tranmitted, otherwise ZCOMM requests 8th bit quoting.
NOTE: The 7 option is distinct from the 7e and 7o modes.
a (ASCII) The a option applies to files received with XMODEM, YMODEM,
or ZMODEM protocol. It converts newlines not preceded by CR to
CR/LF pairs. NULL, RUBOUT, and all characters in each packet
beginning with Ctrl-Z are excluded. The a option is useful when
receiving text files without carriage returns directly from Unix
systems.
When sending with ZMODEM, the a option instructs the receiver to
convert text files to the conventions used in its operating
environment.
The a option does not apply to Kermit. Files transferred with the a
option cannot be processed with the ZMODEM r (recover/resume)
option.
EXAMPLE: rc -a program.c receives program.c and converts end of
lines to CR/LF.
b (Binary) With ZMODEM, inhibits the receiver from translating the
file contents. If either the ZMODEM sender or receiver specifies b
option, any contrary requests will be ignored.
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EXAMPLE: sz -b program.exe
e Escape control characters when sending files with the ZMODEM
protocol. Normally, ZMODEM escapes XON, XOFF, Ctrl-P, CR-@-CR, and
Ctrl-X. This option is useful when operating with brain damaged
data PBX systems and other types of "front ends".
f Send the full pathname as specified (exclusive of disk identifier)
when using a batch send command. Normally only the file name
portion (without any directory prefix) is transmitted. When sending
full pathnames, the receiver must insure that all required
directories exist and are writable, otherwise the transfer will fail
when the files cannot be created. ZCOMM does not automatically
create directories, but you can use !mkdir dir DOS Gateways to
create the necessary directories. The f option applies to batch
file transmission with the kermit sb, sb, send, and sz commands.
EXAMPLE: cd /src; sz -f robot/r2d2.h sends the file with the
pathname robot/r2d2.h.
If the full absolute pathname is desired, it must be specified.
EXAMPLE: sz -f /src/robot/vox/3tpi0.*
SEE ALSO: PREFIX=p flag for the sb and sz commands.
g Given to the receiving program, the g option to the rb command
allows the sender and receiver to dispense with acknowledging each
transmitted packet when using YMODEM batch transfers. YMODEM-g
increases throughput when the transmitting medium itself (direct
connection, X.PC session, or error correcting modems) provides error
free transmission. The transmitting medium can use XOFF and XON to
enforce flow control.
If the transmitting medium does not enforce flow control,[1] the
user must insure the receiver is not overrun. ZCOMM on a PC or XT
accepts data at 9600 bps without flow control when the file is being
written to a hard disk or ramdisk.[2]
If an error is detected when the g option is used, the transfer is
__________
1. X.PC automatically enforces end to end flow control.
2. Provided no memory resident programs or special drivers hog CPU
cycles.
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aborted.
EXAMPLE: rb -g
The g option may alos be used with the rx command to receive files
from Qmodem's G protocol.
k Use 1024 byte (1K) packets with the sb and sx commands. The default
packet length is 128. This increases throughput when the speed is
high relative to the response times of the communications channel
and the computers. The k option is useful with 9600 or 19200 bps
transfers with directly connected timesharing systems. The k option
may not work properly uploading to some systems, particularly
heavily loaded or poorly implemented timesharing systems at high
speeds. The k option is valid only when sending to ZCOMM, rb(1), or
other compatible programs. If the file length is not a multiple of
1024, the remainder of the file will be sent with 128 byte blocks.
This option does not affect Kermit transfers.
EXAMPLE: sb -k *.c *.h
With the sz command, the k option forces an initial 1024 byte
subpacket length.
EXAMPLE: sz -k *.c *.h
l Force incoming pathnames that are all uppercase to lower case. This
is reset by the call command. This option is ignored on DOS and
OS/2.
n (ZMODEM) Each file is transferred if the corresponding destination
file does not exist, or if the source file is newer. The n option
can be given with either the sz or rz commands. This option is not
allowed if the receiver is Restricted.
EXAMPLE: sz -n *.* attempts to send all files in the current
directory. Only those files that do not exist in the destination
directory, and those for which the source is newer will be sent.
N (ZMODEM) if the corresponding destination file does not exist, or if
the source file is newer or longer. The N option be given with
either the sz or rz commands. This option is not allowed if the
receiver is Restricted.
EXAMPLE: sz -N *.*
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p (ZMODEM) Protect destination file; bypass this file if it already
exists on the destination system.
q (Quiet) suppresses block by block status line update during Kermit
and X/YMODEM file transfers.
r (ZMODEM) Resume/Recover an interrupted file transfer with the ZMODEM
protocol. May be given with either the sz or rz commands.
The r option may be used to resume the transmission of a long file
after a disconnect or power loss, without having to start over at
the beginning of the file. The r option may also be used when the
source file grows from time to time and only the incremental portion
needs to be sent. The r option assumes that the contents of the
destination file are identical to the corresponding beginning
portion of the source file. The r option should not be applied to a
file that has been modified by the a option, or to a file that has
been edited on the destination system. This option is not allowed
if the receiver is Restricted.
EXAMPLE: sz -r hugefile.lst
R (32 bit Unix systems) Recursively descend directories specified in
wild cards when expanding file names.
EXAMPLE: sz -Rf src
Sends the files in the src directory and its dubdirectories (R
option), and transmits the full relative pathname (f option).
SEE ALSO: f option
s SlugBait modifies the logic of ZMODEM sending to detect and report
attempts at evading accountability for receiving files. Such
attempts are flagged with a Q status in the log of sent files.
SnailBait adds a slight delay to file transmission, and a transfer
that is cut off at the very end of file may very infrequently be
reported with Questionable instead of ERROR status.
S When sending file(s) with ZMODEM, interrogate the receiving prgram
for its serial number. S option terminates when a serial number is
received or when the call command is given. Receiving file(s) with
YMODEM or ZMODEM from programs providing a serial number also
provides the other program's serial number. The serial number
received is listed by the performance log.
t Enter the term function after file transfer(s) complete. The t
option should not be used in commands given from within the term
function, either directly or with soft key definitions.
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u Unlink (remove, delete) the file after it has been sent with the sz
command.
v View the data being transmitted or received. Only correct data is
displayed. Viewing standard ASCII files does not interfere with
correct transmission at high speeds, although throughput may be
degraded.
The output may be redirected to a capture file or DOS device with
the > or >> command. Unless output is redirected, this option must
not be used when ZCOMM is in Host Operation.
wN Use a window size of N bytes with the sz command, overriding the
zmodem w numeric parameter. If N is missing, use a ZMODEM window
size of 3072 bytes.
SEE ALSO: Flow Control Chapter 13, zmodem w numeric parameter
y Yes it is OK to replace a file already on disk when receiving to a
file. If absent, the operator is given a choice of appending to the
current file (a), erasing it (y) or aborting (n). This option is
not allowed if ZCOMM is Restricted. When sending with ZMODEM,
commands the receiver to replace a file on its disk.
Y (ZMODEM) Transfer only those files for which a file with the same
pathname exists at the destination, overwriting the destination
files. The Y option may be followed by other ZMODEM options to
further qualify the selection of files to transfer. This option is
not allowed if ZCOMM is Restricted.
EXAMPLE: sz -Yn *.* If the source directory contains files A, B, and
C, each dated today, and the destination directory contains B and C,
with B a week old and C dated today, only B will be sent.
zT Use T minutes behind GMT (Greenwich Mean Time) as the local
timezone instead of the z parameter value for the file(s)
transferred with this command.
EXAMPLE: sb -k -z300 ESTfile sends ESTfile corrected for creation in
Eastern Standard Time.
Z Transmit files with compression. The ZMODEM receiver must indicate
its ability to decompress received files for this option to take
effect.
When sending between Unix systems, files are compressed with 12 bit
Lempel-Ziv compression. Otherwise, packets are transmitted with Run
Length Encoding.
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Over slow channels, compression increases the transmission speed of
compiler listings, screen dumps, etc. by up to 50 per cent. LZW
compression is more effective on more types of data than RLE
compression. Some files, including the Personal Computing Magazine
ASCII Test File, speed up by more than an order of magnitude with
either RLE or LZW compression. Heavily encrypted data and
compressed files, including ARC and ZOO archives, do not benefit
from ZMODEM compression.
The situation with fast compressed modems is more complex. The
benefits of ZMODEM compression will depend on the particular
application; try the transfers with and without ZMODEM compression
to determine the most efficient options.
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19. MODES for Data Capture
The modes described in this chapter affect the operation of the f,
put, wait, and t commands. The b, n, p, r, w modes are mutually
exclusive.
All modes except f and n are reset by the call and init commands.
Modes may be set with flags to the conference, create, enable,
disable, f, open, t, and wait commands.
The call command resets ZCOMM and the communications port to 8 bits no
parity.
! Negates the sense of the following mode(s). The ! modifier is not
used with the 7 and 8 modes.
EXAMPLE: t -Z!tl enables ZMODEM AutoDownload and turns off throttle
and line printer output.
7e 7o 7m 7s Sets 7 bits plus {Even Odd Marking Spacing} parity for
transmission with the put, f, and t commands, and file transfers
using the Kermit protocol. The parity setting does not affect the
information content of received characters.[1] If 7e or 7o mode is
used, each incoming byte of Kermit packets is checked for parity for
extra accuracy in file transfers.
Some applications require a 7 bit transmission mode. Even parity is
often used for TWX and IBM mainframe communications. 7m mode sets
the parity bit to "marking" (8th bit set to ONE), sometimes used
with DEC minicomputers and IBM mainframes.
7s mode masks data transmitted by the term function to 7 bits
(spacing is equivalent to binary 0).
If a paritied mode is specified, the term function counts each
character received with the opposite parity as an uncorrected error.
The call command resets ZCOMM and the communications port to 8 bits
no parity (8n).
EXAMPLE: ena -E7e enables Error Containment(TM) with 7 bits even
parity.
__________
1. The term function normally strips the parity bit unless 8g
(graphics) mode is set.
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SEE ALSO: E mode
8n Sets 8 bits no parity (default) for transmission with the Kermit,
and t commands.
The call command resets ZCOMM and the communications port to 8 bits
no parity (8n).
8g Some PC based bulletin boards send line drawing characters intended
for IBM display adapters encoded with the 8th bit set. 8g mode uses
8 data bits with no parity. All 8 bits are also passed to the
display, allowing the special graphics characters to be displayed,
including those sent by many IBM-PC bulletin boards. 8g mode must
not be used when the remote is sending 7 bits with marking, even, or
odd parity,
8o 8e 8e sets the hardware to 8 bits even parity; 8o sets the hardware
to 8 bits odd parity. The 8e and 8o modes are used only with very
specialized applications. No known dial-up systems use either of
these modes. Most modems do not support this mode.
A Sends characters from the remote to DOS, bypassing ZCOMM's CRT
driver. A mode allows a screen driver such as FCONSOLE.DEV to
pcocess extended ANSI or special terminal codes which ZCOMM would
not otherwise understand. The A mode affects the term function
only.
When using the A mode, the term function status line should be
disabled with a "display stat=off" command if the display driver
uses all 25 CRT lines. Fansi-Console(TM) or other drivers with
definable scrolling regions may be set to scroll only the top 24
lines, leaving the 25th line free for ZCOMM's status information.
WARNING: Fansi-Console and ANSI.SYS allow input data from the remote
to redefine keys and/or cause commands to be executed. Such
capabilities pose a security breach. For example, an innocuous
looking message could contain an invisible escape sequence to make
your "keyboard" issue "del \COMMAND.COM" the next time you strike
the ESC key.
EXAMPLE: display stat=off; t -A disables Zcomm's status line and
routes characters from the remote to DOS standard output.
SEE ALSO: list command
a Addlf adds a linefeed to each carriage return received from the
remote. This is displayed as newline (return/linefeed). The same
action takes place if addlf is in effect when the term function is
writing the circular buffer to a file. This mode is useful when the
data from the remote contains carriage returns but no linefeeds.
The a mode may be used with the s (Strip control characters) mode.
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NOTE: i (image) mode supersedes a mode.
EXAMPLE: read nolffile.txt; create -a withlf.txt; w; close reads
nolffile.txt into the circular buffer, then writes it to withlf.txt
with linefeeds added.
b Binary mode of file transmission with the f file command. All 8
bits are sent. This is handy for uploading binary files using the f
command to adjacent machines without any useful file transfer
protocol.
Don't confuse this mode with the protocol file transfer commands
which send files with error correcting protocols. Also don't
confuse this with the i mode which affects files received with the
term function.
NOTE: The fput command can also be used to send a binary file when
no monitoring of the remote's responses is needed.
EXAMPLE: f -b binfile
c, C Compuserve mode allows the remote computer to invoke the
Compuserve B protocol. c causes formfeed from the remote to clear
the screen, C does not. When enabled with c or C mode, the
Compuserve B protocol uses ENQ and DLE for special functions.
EXAMPLE: t -c
SEE ALSO: w numeric parameter
D Delays detection of carrier detect loss. * When carrier detect is
lost, D mode causes ZCOMM to wait up to two seconds for carrier
detect to return. If carrier detect returns within that two
seconds, ZCOMM pauses another two seconds to allow the modems time
to stabilize. D mode allows file transfers to continue in the
presence of interruptions from call waiting or cellular radio
communications dropouts. The modem's carrier dropout timer must be
lengthened to two seconds to accomodate such droputs without
disconnecting by adding a Hayes S10=20 command to the modem
initialization string sent by the dial telephone directory entry.
d (Dropout) Suppresses the No Carrier Detect Signal message otherwise
generated by the term function and protocol file transfers when the
communications port detects a loss of carrier detect. This mode is
useful when operating with direct connections that do not properly
drive the carrier detect line. The call command sets d mode; the
standard dialing scripts cancel it when the modem reports a
connection.
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EXAMPLE: ena -d
E Error Containment(TM) When the remote is transmitting continuously,
a single "line hit" may garble many characters before the hardware
can recover. E mode makes the term function send an XOFF (^S)
character to stop the transmission of data when a "line hit" is
detected. A line hit is detected by the presence of a break signal
or framing error. If the 7e, 7o, 7m, or 7s mode is set, ZCOMM also
detects parity errors as line hits.[2] After a brief pause, an XON
(^Q) is sent to resume transmission.
E mode does not effect protocol transfers. It is effective only
when the remote recognizes XOFF to stop transmission. E mode cannot
be used with programs such as EMACS which use ^S and ^Q as editing
commands; it should not be used with X.PC.
EXAMPLE: create -+E7e capture.fil creates capture.fil for output,
appending it to any existing instance of the file, enabling 7 bits
even parity and Error Containment.
SEE ALSO: E and e numeric parameters
e EMACS editors and a few other programs use the ASCII flow control
characters XON and XOFF as commands. These characters cannot be
used for their normal flow control functions with EMACS. Emacs mode
suppresses the automatic transmission of XOFF (^S) and XON (^Q) when
ZCOMM's circular buffer fills up. Opening a receive file with the t
file command cancels EMACS mode, but it may be turned back on later.
("t -e file" won't activate e mode.)
When capturing data to a file with e (Emacs) mode on, the user must
manually stop the data from the remote and dump the buffer with the
w command or the Alt-W key. Keyboarded characters automatically
trigger a buffer write.
EXAMPLE: create capturefile; t -e
SEE ALSO: j mode
__________
2. Many medium speed modems, including 1200 and 2400 bps units, do
not generate framing errors in response to line hits. When such
modems are used, parity must be used to detect line hits.
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f Full duplex. ZCOMM does not echo keyboarded characters to the
screen.
FN Sets the pattern match fail time for the current wait command to N
seconds absolute.
EXAMPLE: wait -F5 searches for a pattern match, and will fail after
five seconds.
fN Sets the pattern match fail time for the current wait command to N
seconds of inactivity.
EXAMPLE: wait -f5 searches for a pattern match, and will fail after
five seconds of inactivity.
SEE ALSO: f numeric parameter
g resumes sending the file once in the term function, equivalent to an
XON character. Disabling g causes a file queued for transmission to
wait for an XON character. Enabling g mode (ena -g) will resume
file transmission after a grab command.
SEE ALSO: grab command
G, GG G mode (the default) allows the term function to recognize XON
and XOFF flow control. A number of characters may be sent before
ZCOMM responds to XOFF. GG mode prevents the term function from
recognizing XON and XOFF flow control.
As a special case, disabling G mode allows the interrupt driven
output routines in ZCOMM to respond immediately to XOFF and XON
characters instead of waiting for the term function to receive and
act upon them. A consequence of this selection is that the term
function may be "stuck" waiting for the interrupt level routines,
while at the same time the interrupt level routines are "waiting"
for an XON. A spurious XOFF or lost XON character can cause this
deadlock. The S numeric parameter should be set to an appropriate
value to allow timeout and recovery from this condition.
EXAMPLE: f -!G asciifile.txt
H,h Half Duplex Displays keyboarded characters as they are sent to the
host. H mode causes keyboarded carriage return to be echoed as
cr/lf.
Two half duplex modes are provided to match computer systems that
send a linefeed in response to carriage return ("t -h") and others
that give no echo at all to carriage return ("t -H").
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SEE ALSO: h numeric parameter
i If a file is being received with the Term function, Image mode
allows all characters received, including NULLS, to be output when
the capture buffer is written to disk. Image mode makes the review
function act upon ESCAPE characters. Image mode overrides the a, s
and z modes. Image mode does not override the A, c, C or Z modes,
and does not control the parity bit.
EXAMPLE: t -i
SEE ALSO: I, v and 8g modes
SEE ALSO: ALT-I key
SEE ALSO: fget command The fget command is faster as there is no
display of the received data.
Image mode does not affect data transmitted by ZCOMM.[3]
I Super Image mode sets completely transparent 8 bit data capture with
the term function. In addition, the A, c, C, and Z modes are
superceded, XON, XOFF, ENQ are not executed. Super Image mode is
useful for capturing binary data from sources that require keyboard
or script intervention.
If the incoming data contains random escape sequences, ZCOMM's
terminal emulation decoding of escape sequences should be
suppressed. Either v mode should be set, or a display dumb command
should be given.
J On Unix and Xenix systems, the J mode smooths the display of data
coming from slow serial lines by accepting data in smaller chunks.
It may be used for interactive applications where jerky output is
unesthetic. J mode increases CPU utilization and context switching
overhead.
j * The jabberwrite mode causes the term function to dump the circular
buffer to disk once a second if a receive file is open, without
interrupting the data flow from the remote. This avoids the delay
required when dumping the entire buffer to disk, but may cause loss
of data if the output device is too slow, or if its driver software
inhibits data interrupts from the remote. It should not be used
__________
3. The b (Binary) mode modifies files transmitted with the term
function.
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with the PCjr because the PCjr disk cannot overlap i/o with disk
activity.
If a modem error occurs while the circular buffer is being written
to disk, ZCOMM cannot detect it until the write operation is
finished. This may affect the quick reaction time the E mode needs
for optimum performance.
EXAMPLE: t -j
K Enables automatic downloading of files with the Kermit protocol.
The y mode applies to Kermit AutoDownload.
l (letter l) List unit (Printer) on. Since ZCOMM buffers the printer,
it needn't be as fast as the incoming data as long as the buffered
data doesn't exceed the circular buffer size. The rewind command
may be used to get extra copies of the received data (assuming it
all fits in the circular buffer). The list unit is accessed with
the rom bios printer interface (int 17h).
EXAMPLE: t -l enables printer spooling.
EXAMPLE: disable -l disables printer spooling.
NOTE: If ZCOMM is terminated before all of the circular buffer is
output to the printer, the remainder of the data will be lost.
SEE ALSO: The l numeric parameter selects the printer device.
n sends newline (lf) only when transmitting a file with the term
function (no CR). Keyboarded CR is sent as a newline. When
receiving a file to disk with the term function, Newline is stored
on disk as CR LF. n mode causes newlines to be displayed as CR LF.
The n mode is not reset by the call command.
EXAMPLE: f -n file
p,P When transmitting a file with the term function, the contents of
eolstr (CR by default) are sent at the end of each line. Prompt
mode then waits for a prompt character ( g numeric parameter[4])
from the remote after each line transmitted from a file. If GOchar
is not received, the wait times out and transmission proceeds in the
__________
4. The default for numeric parameter g (GOchar) is linefeed .
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same manner as with w mode. The duration of this timeout is
controlled by the p numeric parameter. The q numeric parameter
controls the pause between recognizing GOchar and resuming
transmission. This pause is not reset by characters from the
remote.
EXAMPLE: f -p file
SEE ALSO: g, p, q numeric parameters
As a convenience, P mode implicitly sets GOchar to 17. As a special
case, if GOchar is set to 17 (called XON, DC1, or ^Q) before the p
mode is set, file transmission is stopped until an XON is keyboarded
or received from the remote.
EXAMPLE: f -P file
q Setting q mode causes the term function to guarantee the contents of
the circular buffer have been written to disk[5] and then transmit
the answerback string parameter in response to ENQ. An ACK from the
local keyboard or a transmitted file also transmits the answerback.
An EOT or carrier loss closes the receive file and exits the term
function.
Q Quiet inhibits the term function display of data from the remote.*
The status line, ZCOMM messages, and output from utility commands
are not affected. The Q mode may be used to suppress unwanted
characters during modem initialization, logins, etc.
SEE ALSO: display inhibit command
r CRmode sends the contents of eolstr (CR by default) at the end of
each line transmitted from a file with the f command. There is no
pause at the end of each line.
EXAMPLE: f -r file
S SuperStrip mode strips Form Feed (FF) from the file in addition to
the actions of s mode.
__________
5. On DOS, the file is written, closed, and reopened. The TWX
protocol assumes that transmitted information has been safely
stored before an answerback is sent in response to ENQ.
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EXAMPLE: t -S capture.txt
s Strip all Control Characters except LF, FF, HT, and BS when
capturing to a file with the term function. Most escape sequences
are completely removed, especially common ANSI codes for setting
colors and positioning. In s mode, a BS character causes ZCOMM to
attempt to erase the previous character from the output file with an
fseek() function call. This is guaranteed to work only if the
output is to a disk file and sufficient characters come after the BS
to overlay the "erased" character.[6] An LF is stored in the file as
CR LF to make up for the CR that is discarded in s mode. XON, XOFF,
and DEL (RUBOUT) do not display when s mode is in effect. The a
(Addlf, add linefeed to carriage return) mode may be used with the s
mode.
NOTE: i (image) mode supersedes s mode editing.
When displaying file(s) with the cat, more, type, page, bro/v, and
bro/p commands, stop when ^Z (CP/M EOF) is read.
sss In addition to the above, sss inhibits the display of blank lines.
SEE ALSO: display vt100 command
t Some remote systems cannot accept input at full speed. Throttle
mode slows the sending of characters to the remote. The speed is
controlled by the t numeric parameter. The default value slows
transmission to about 50 words per minute. The t mode does not
affect protocol transfers.
EXAMPLE: f -t command.fil
SEE ALSO: t numeric parameter
TN Sets the pattern match fail time for the current wait command to N
seconds absolute. In addition, the term function will return
(without matching any patterns) after an enabled Kermit,
Compuserve-B, or ZMODEM automatic file transfer (successful or
otherwise).
EXAMPLE: wait -T99 searches for a pattern match, and will fail after
99 seconds.
__________
6. This backspace simulation does not stop at a virtual left margin.
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